β-amylase

β-amylase / glycogenase SD.BA-30 (Beta-amylase, EC3.2.1.2) enzyme is extracted from wheat origin, which has biology catalyzing activity and is produced by modern technique. It has good thermostability without peculiar odor. SD.BA-30 is a kind of excision amylase that catalyzes the release of successive maltose units by hydrolyzing 1，4-α-D glycosidic linkages of dextrin chain from non-reducing end to produce maltose. This enzyme is free of alpha-amylase activity. It can liquefy starch to produce maltose syrup, and will not produce glucose nearly. It is used for the production of maltose syrups, beer and vinegar, etc. from liquefied starch. Amylase is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of starch into sugars. Usage: Fermentation Alpha and beta amylases are important in brewing beer and liquor made from sugars derived from starch. In fermentation, yeast ingest sugars and excrete alcohol. In beer and some liquors, the sugars present at the beginning of fermentation have been produced by "mashing" grains or other starch sources (such as potatoes). In traditional beer brewing, malted barley is mixed with hot water to create a "mash," which is held at a given temperature to allow the amylases in the malted grain to convert the barley's starch into sugars. Different temperatures optimize the activity of alpha or beta amylase, resulting in different mixtures of fermentable and unfermentable sugars. In selecting mash temperature and grain-to-water ratio, a brewer can change the alcohol content, mouthfeel, aroma, and flavor of the finished beer. In some historic methods of producing alcoholic beverages, the conversion of starch to sugar starts with the brewer chewing grain to mix it with saliva.This practice is no longer widely in use. Flour additive Amylases are used in breadmaking and to break down complex sugars, such as starch (found in flour), into simple sugars. Yeast then feeds on these simple sugars and converts it into the waste products of alcohol and CO2. This imparts flavour and causes the bread to rise. While amylases are found naturally in yeast cells, it takes time for the yeast to produce enough of these enzymes to break down significant quantities of starch in the bread. This is the reason for long fermented doughs such as sour dough. Modern breadmaking techniques have included amylases (often in the form of malted barley) into bread improver, thereby making the process faster and more practical for commercial use. Alpha amylase is often listed as an ingredient on commercially package milled flour. Bakers with long exposure to amylase-enriched flour are at risk of developing dermatitis or asthma. Molecular biology In molecular biology, the presence of amylase can serve as an additional method of selecting for successful integration of a reporter construct in addition to antibiotic resistance. As reporter genes are flanked by homologous regions of the structural gene for amylase, successful integration will disrupt the amylase gene and prevent starch degradation, which is easily detectable through iodine staining. Medical Uses Amylase also has medical applications in the use of Pancreatic Enzyme Replacement Therapy(PERT). It is one of the components in Sollpura(Liprotamase) to help in the breakdown of carbohydrates into simple sugars. Other uses An inhibitor of alpha-amylase, called phaseolamin, has been tested as a potential diet aid. When used as a food additive, amylase has E number E1100, and may be derived from swine pancreas or mould mushroom. Bacilliary amylase is also used in clothing and dishwasher detergents to dissolve starches from fabrics and dishes. Factory workers who work with amylase for any of the above uses are at increased risk of occupational asthma. Five to nine percent of bakers have a positive skin test, and a fourth to a third of bakers with breathing problems are hypersensitive to amylase.